Shared Seas, Lost Artifacts, and Ancient Lineages
The Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsletter for 9 - 15 December 2024
Selamat Pagi! As the year winds down, it’s time to embrace the joy of discovery, connection, and reflection—fitting themes for this week's stories. We’re kicking things off with the SEA-Collections Digital Exhibition, a monumental collaborative effort uniting museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate our shared maritime heritage. It’s a worth a holiday reading if you’re inclined to explore some of the maritime cultures of Southeast Asia.
Next, we dive into the tangled tale of the Prakhon Chai Hoard, a saga of smuggling, myth, and misattribution that spanned six decades. New research untangles this web of deception, bringing much-needed clarity and accountability to the world of heritage repatriation. I was sorting through some of the photos I amassed this year and I saw some sculptures attributed to the Prakhon Chai hoard at the Cleveland Museum of Art - you can read this fascinating post of Southeast Asian artefacts overseas here.
And finally, a look at the ancient roots of a resilient community: a genomic study of the Nicobarese people reveals migration stories dating back 4,500–5,000 years, linking them genetically to Austroasiatic language-speaking communities in Southeast Asia. This research reminds us how archaeology and genetics together can illuminate human history in new ways.
This is also my last regular newsletter for the year, as I’ll be taking a short break before returning with a special year-in-review post to close 2024. As many of you would know, it has been a transformative year for me, both personally and professionally, not the least of which is the challenges of a new role in Jakarta. I’m still in many ways dealing with the changes in life, especially with a much more hectic pace of life with multiple projects that are keeping me busy. So, while I am semi-retired as a professional archaeologist, I’m excited to continue sharing the archaeology news from the region in 2025.
If you’ve been enjoying the newsletter, I’d love for you to consider becoming a supporter. You’ll be directly helping sustain this work by helping with the upkeep of the site. Thank you once again to Spencer Wells for the coffees this week, and thank you for all the supporters for 2024: Phil Ashill, Serena Autiero, Charles, Charles F. Beck, Marcus Bingenheimer, Ginevra Boatto, Dennis Burkholder, Mike Calavan, Alison Carter, William Chen, Nick Coffill, Richard Cooler, Louise Allison Cort, Mary Connors, Cuzzoni, Aedeen Cremin, Francis Cresotti, Damon, Erika Daum-Karanitsch, Craig Deller, Dimpy, E, Geoff, Jim Fitton, Julia, Wendy Frederick, Eberhard Frieß, Gregory Ghent, Lou-Linh, Gondouin, Graham, Rosey Guthrie, Valerie Hansen, Charles Higham, Bradley Holland, Jehan, John, Helen Jessup, Kamsin Kaneko, Kat, Kwa Chong Guan, Deborah Leab, Shinta Lee, Roz Li, Mas, Loyola de Mello, Luang Prabang Culture, Marion Milliet, Azra Moiz, Yinika Perston, Martin Polkinghorne, John Powell, Kerza Prewitt, Asmara Rabier, Charles Randles, Saidah Rastam, Lynette Russell, Dionysius Shankar Kumar Sharma, Miriam Stark, Emma Natalya Stein, Leonie Stevens, Tracing Patterns Foundation, Alicia Sussane Videon, Patricia Welch, Spencer Wells, Doc White, Andrew Williams, Astri, Wright and More than a few supporters who remain unnamed.
For my current supporters, I’ll be sending out something out as a thank-you soon! Here’s to a meaningful end to 2024 and an exciting 2025 ahead! Thank you for being part of this journey.
And now, on to the news:
Contents
The Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsletter and Website is supported in part by many generous readers, colleagues and friends. You can support by buying me a coffee.
Highlights of the Week
In no particular order, here are five of the most popular stories from this week:
[Paper] Archaeoscape: Bringing Aerial Laser Scanning Archaeology to the Deep Learning Era
via Arxiv.org, 06 December 2024: Archaeoscape is a groundbreaking open-access dataset designed for the analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data in archaeology, focusing on Cambodia's Angkor region. Covering 888 km², it features over 31,141 annotated archaeological features from the Angkorian period, surpassing previous datasets by size and accessibility. By integrating LiDAR technology and state-of-the-art deep learning, Archaeoscape highlights the challenges and opportunities of detecting subtle anthropogenic patterns obscured by dense vegetation. This initiative aims to bridge traditional archaeology with advanced computer vision techniques, fostering collaboration between archaeologists and AI researchers. The dataset, models, and additional resources are hosted on Archaeoscape.ai.Angkor Site Boosts Water Management with Automation
via Khmer Times, 09 December 2024: The APSARA National Authority, in collaboration with France’s SIAVB, has inaugurated six automatic water management stations at the Angkor Archaeological Park. These stations, including those at Phnom Kulen and Banteay Srei, use advanced technology to monitor rainfall, humidity, wind, and solar radiation, transmitting data via computers and mobile devices. Part of the SDGERA project established in 2022, the stations aim to enhance water management while reducing labor costs. These systems will undoubtedly help with Angkor’s long-term sustainability and protection of heritage.[Paper] Reconstructing the population history of the Nicobarese
via European Journal of Human Genetics, 06 December 2024: A genomic study has confirmed that the Nicobarese tribe of the Nicobar Islands shares genetic ties with Austroasiatic language-speaking communities in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand-Laos’s Nan province. The research traces the tribe’s migration to the islands 4,500–5,000 years ago, highlighting their unique evolution and isolation, which has preserved their genetic distinctness. The findings, published in the European Journal of Human Genetics, emphasize the need for protecting this community from external influences and potential pathogen exposure. The study provides critical insights into the tribe's Austroasiatic origins, agriculture-driven migration, and enduring cultural heritage.
See also: The Indian Express, ANI News[Paper] The Prakhon Chai Hoard Debunked: Unravelling Six Decades of Myth, Misdirection, and Misidentification
via International Journal of Cultural Property, December 2024: This study by Tanongsak Hanwong et al. debunks decades of myth surrounding the “Prakhon Chai Hoard,” a cache of Buddhist bronzes looted in the 1960s from Plai Bat II temple in Buriram, Thailand, and misattributed to Prakhon Chai district. The authors trace the role of art dealer Douglas Latchford in smuggling and obscuring the artifacts’ origins, supported by oral histories from local villagers and recently revealed legal and archival evidence. The article highlights how misinformation perpetuated a global market for looted Southeast Asian artifacts and calls for accountability through repatriation efforts. The findings underscore the devastating impact of looting on local communities and cultural heritage.Spanish Colonial Forts in Samar Get Conservation Boost
via Philippine News Agency, 09 December 2024: Samar province has launched "Safeguarding the Sentinels of the Samar Seas," a conservation project for its Spanish-era defense structures. Backed by a $245,000 grant from the US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation, the initiative aims to protect 22 documented fortifications, including sentinels, naval garrisons, and watchtowers. The project, developed with the University of Santo Tomas’ cultural conservation team, builds on extensive cultural mapping conducted since 2017. Initial efforts prioritize fortifications in Sta. Rita and Gandara towns. Local officials emphasize education, historical research, and tourism integration as key components of preserving these heritage sites.
Featured Books and Recommendations - Southeast Asia
[Back to Contents]
Some of the links below are affiliate links which mean I may get a commission if you click on them and make a purchase.
The Oxford Guide to the Malayo-Polynesian Languages of Southeast Asia
by Alexander Adelaar and Antoinette Schapper (eds.)
Decoding Southeast Asian Art: Studies in Honor of Piriya Krairiksh
by Nicolas Revire and Pitchaya Soomjinda (eds.)
Patterned Splendour: Textiles Presented on Javanese Metal and Stone Sculptures; Eighth to Fifteenth Century by Lesley Pullen
Majapahit: Intrigue, Betrayal and War in Indonesia’s Greatest Empire
by Herald van der Linde
Photography in Cambodia: 1866 to the Present by Nicholas Coffill
Exclusive for my readers: Use code MOVEINFLUENCER to get RM50 off hotel bookings on AirAsia MOVE—perfect for your next getaway!
New Research
[Back to Contents]
If you have a newly-published paper that you wish to publicise, contact me and I’ll add it into the next newsletter.
[Paper] The Prakhon Chai Hoard Debunked: Unravelling Six Decades of Myth, Misdirection, and Misidentification
via International Journal of Cultural Property, December 2024: This study by Tanongsak Hanwong et al. debunks decades of myth surrounding the “Prakhon Chai Hoard,” a cache of Buddhist bronzes looted in the 1960s from Plai Bat II temple in Buriram, Thailand, and misattributed to Prakhon Chai district. The authors trace the role of art dealer Douglas Latchford in smuggling and obscuring the artifacts’ origins, supported by oral histories from local villagers and recently revealed legal and archival evidence. The article highlights how misinformation perpetuated a global market for looted Southeast Asian artifacts and calls for accountability through repatriation efforts. The findings underscore the devastating impact of looting on local communities and cultural heritage.[Paper] Archaeoscape: Bringing Aerial Laser Scanning Archaeology to the Deep Learning Era
via Arxiv.org, 06 December 2024: Archaeoscape is a groundbreaking open-access dataset designed for the analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data in archaeology, focusing on Cambodia's Angkor region. Covering 888 km², it features over 31,141 annotated archaeological features from the Angkorian period, surpassing previous datasets by size and accessibility. By integrating LiDAR technology and state-of-the-art deep learning, Archaeoscape highlights the challenges and opportunities of detecting subtle anthropogenic patterns obscured by dense vegetation. This initiative aims to bridge traditional archaeology with advanced computer vision techniques, fostering collaboration between archaeologists and AI researchers. The dataset, models, and additional resources are hosted on Archaeoscape.ai.[Paper] Mishaps in the Land van Eendracht: Exploring the Cause of Zuytdorp’s Wrecking
via Journal of Maritime Archaeology, 06 December 20024: The Zuytdorp, a Dutch East India Company (VOC) vessel wrecked on Australia's western coast in 1712, has long been shrouded in mystery. This study critically evaluates theories about the wreck, concluding that Zuytdorp was likely driven ashore by a storm rather than navigational errors. Researchers analyzed 18th-century cartographic and navigational resources, coastal visibility, and historical weather conditions, finding evidence that Zuytdorp’s officers were well-equipped to avoid the shoreline. The study’s findings open new avenues for research, including the potential discovery of missing anchors offshore, which could provide further insights into the ship's final voyage.
See also: Phys.org[Paper] Reconstructing the population history of the Nicobarese
via European Journal of Human Genetics, 06 December 2024: A genomic study has confirmed that the Nicobarese tribe of the Nicobar Islands shares genetic ties with Austroasiatic language-speaking communities in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand-Laos’s Nan province. The research traces the tribe’s migration to the islands 4,500–5,000 years ago, highlighting their unique evolution and isolation, which has preserved their genetic distinctness. The findings, published in the European Journal of Human Genetics, emphasize the need for protecting this community from external influences and potential pathogen exposure. The study provides critical insights into the tribe's Austroasiatic origins, agriculture-driven migration, and enduring cultural heritage.
See also: The Indian Express, ANI News[Paper] Coasting into India? - Assessing lithostratigraphic context of Middle Palaeolithic occupation in Saurashtra Peninsula
via Quaternary Environments and Humans, 25 October 2024: New research in the Saurashtra Peninsula, Gujarat, has uncovered Middle Palaeolithic artifacts dating back 48,000–56,000 years, challenging the coastal migration model for early human dispersal. Instead of coastal routes, the study suggests inland pathways were critical, as evidenced by the absence of Late Palaeolithic coastal tools and the region's inland environmental features during the Middle Palaeolithic. The findings contribute to debates on human migration, emphasizing inland dispersals over marine-based routes. Experts caution that further precise dating and investigation are needed to substantiate these findings.
See also: The Hindu
Announcements
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Contact me if you have a call for papers or job posting that you want to publicise.
Vietnam’s Cultural Property Import Request Under Review
via US State Department, 04 December 2024: The Cultural Property Advisory Committee will meet on 04–06 February 2025 to discuss Vietnam’s request for import restrictions on cultural property and the renewal of agreements with Chile, Italy, and Morocco. Public comments are invited regarding these agenda items, with written submissions due by 11:59 PM EST on 27 January 2025. A virtual open session will be held on 04 February at 1:00 PM EST via Zoom, where registered participants may speak. Observers can attend without registration. This meeting aligns with the U.S. State Department’s implementation of the CPIA, evaluating archaeological and ethnological materials for cultural property agreements.
Upcoming Events
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Contact me if you have an event, public lecture or job posting that you want to publicise.
22 September 2024 - 22 February 2025: Endless Stories (Cambridge, UK)
December 2024: Night at the Museum Festival (Thailand)
16-17 April 2025: Crossing Boundaries: Food and Southeast Asia, 1500-Present (Singapore and Online)
17-19 July 2025: Decolonization of Southeast Asian Studies Workshop (Chiang Mai, Thailand)
8-13 September 2025: The Fourth Conference of European Association for Asian Art and Archaeology (Lisbon, Portugal)
2026: The Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association Congress (Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
Social Shoutout
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Launched last week, the SEA-Collections Exhibition is a digital platform that explores Southeast Asia's maritime heritage through a curated selection of artifacts and narratives. Developed by the Southeast Asian Maritime Collections (SEAMC), the exhibition interprets shared histories by showcasing items from various regional museums.
I like to highlight other websites and social media accounts related to the archaeology of Southeast Asia. Contact me if you have or know of an account that deserves highlighting!
Southeast Asia
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Southeast Asia]
Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.
Brunei
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Brunei]
Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.
Cambodia
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Cambodia]
Japan-Cambodia Partnership Marks 30 Years Safeguarding Bayon Temple
via UNESCO, 13 December 2024: This year marks the 30th anniversary of the "Safeguarding the Bayon Temple of Angkor Thom" project, a collaborative effort between UNESCO, Japan, and Cambodia. Launched in 1994, the initiative, led by the Japan-APSARA team for the Safeguard of Angkor with funding from the Japanese Funds-in-Trust, has restored key areas of Bayon Temple while building the expertise of Cambodian conservation teams. To celebrate the milestone, a symposium in Siem Reap highlighted the project’s accomplishments and future challenges. Known for its iconic face towers and rich symbolism, the Bayon Temple stands as a global model for cultural heritage preservation and international cooperation.Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.Angkor Wat Introduces Self-Service Ticketing for Tourists
via Khmer Times, 13 December 2024: Cambodia has launched a self-service ticketing machine for Angkor Archaeological Park, operational from 12 December 2024 at The Heritage Walk mall in Siem Reap. Open daily from 8:00 AM to 9:00 PM, the machine allows international visitors to conveniently purchase entry tickets for the Angkor temple complex. Ticket prices range from $37 for a single day to $72 for a week-long pass.Experts Convene for ICC-Angkor’s 39th Technical Session
via Khmer Times, 12 December 2024: The 39th Technical Session of the International Coordinating Committee on Angkor and Sambor Prei Kuk heritage sites began on December 11, 2024, in Cambodia, gathering nearly 300 experts and officials. Key attendees included Deputy Prime Minister Say Samal and Minister of Culture Dr. Phoeurng Sackona, with co-chairs from France and Japan. The two-day session reviews restoration projects, infrastructure improvements, and sustainable development initiatives, focusing on balancing heritage preservation with local community benefits. Discussions include land management and improving living conditions for over 140 villages within the Angkor heritage zone. A plenary session will follow on December 13 at Sofitel Angkor Phokeethra Hotel.
See also: Khmer TimesICC Experts Conclude Inspection of Angkor and Sambor Prei Kuk Sites
via Khmer Times, 09 December 2024: Experts from the International Coordinating Committee (ICC-Angkor/Sambor Prei Kuk) completed a week-long evaluation of restoration efforts at Cambodia’s UNESCO sites, including Angkor and Sambor Prei Kuk. Inspections covered key monuments such as Bayon Temple, West Mebon, and Angkor Wat's Bakan Tower. The team assessed adherence to international preservation standards ahead of the ICC's upcoming 39th Technical and 31st Plenary Sessions on December 11-13.Angkor Site Boosts Water Management with Automation
via Khmer Times, 09 December 2024: The APSARA National Authority, in collaboration with France’s SIAVB, has inaugurated six automatic water management stations at the Angkor Archaeological Park. These stations, including those at Phnom Kulen and Banteay Srei, use advanced technology to monitor rainfall, humidity, wind, and solar radiation, transmitting data via computers and mobile devices. Part of the SDGERA project established in 2022, the stations aim to enhance water management while reducing labor costs. These systems will undoubtedly help with Angkor’s long-term sustainability and protection of heritage.[Paper] Archaeoscape: Bringing Aerial Laser Scanning Archaeology to the Deep Learning Era
via Arxiv.org, 06 December 2024: Archaeoscape is a groundbreaking open-access dataset designed for the analysis of Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data in archaeology, focusing on Cambodia's Angkor region. Covering 888 km², it features over 31,141 annotated archaeological features from the Angkorian period, surpassing previous datasets by size and accessibility. By integrating LiDAR technology and state-of-the-art deep learning, Archaeoscape highlights the challenges and opportunities of detecting subtle anthropogenic patterns obscured by dense vegetation. This initiative aims to bridge traditional archaeology with advanced computer vision techniques, fostering collaboration between archaeologists and AI researchers. The dataset, models, and additional resources are hosted on Archaeoscape.ai.Temporary Exhibition Highlights Prehistoric to Early Angkor Artefacts
via Khmer Times, 05 December 2024: The Preah Norodom Sihanouk-Angkor Museum in Siem Reap is hosting a temporary exhibition featuring 57 artefacts from archaeological excavations at Lvea, Prei Kmeng villages, and Kulen Mountain. Open from 30 November to 31 January, the exhibit includes jewellery, tools, coins, and ceremonial items, showcasing the daily and spiritual lives of Khmer ancestors. These items were uncovered during collaborative research projects by the Apsara National Authority, the University of Sydney, and the Archaeology and Development Foundation. The exhibition aims to educate the public on Khmer history and the importance of preserving Cambodia’s cultural heritage.
Indonesia
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Indonesia]
Exclusive for my readers: Use code MOVEINFLUENCER to get IDR170K off hotel bookings on AirAsia MOVE
From Batik to Homo Erectus: Indonesia’s Soft Power Potential
via ANTARA, 13 December 2024: Culture Minister Fadli Zon emphasized Indonesia’s vast cultural heritage as a key soft power tool for addressing global challenges and fostering international relations. Drawing on constitutional mandates to promote national culture, Zon highlighted iconic cultural products such as wayang, keris, and batik, alongside internationally acclaimed films, culinary arts, and music. He also stressed the importance of showcasing Indonesia’s prehistoric treasures, including Homo erectus fossils and ancient cave paintings, through education and research. By leveraging values like interfaith tolerance, respect for nature, and cultural diversity, Indonesia aims to strengthen its global standing.Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.International Cooperation Key in UNESCO Cultural Heritage Listings
via The Jakarta Post, 12 December 2024: UNESCO has inscribed three Indonesian elements—kebaya, kolintang, and Reog Ponorogo—on its Intangible Cultural Heritage lists, emphasizing shared heritage and inclusivity. Kebaya, a traditional blouse, is recognized jointly with Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand, while kolintang, a wooden xylophone, is linked to similar traditions in Africa. Reog Ponorogo, a performing art from East Java, was added to the list of elements in need of urgent safeguarding. While joint nominations promote cooperation, they have sparked nationalistic debates in Indonesia, reflecting the need for greater public awareness about UNESCO’s principles of shared heritage and cultural integration.
Laos
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Laos]
Luang Prabang Marks 29 Years as UNESCO World Heritage Site
via The Laotian Times, 09 December 2024: Luang Prabang celebrates 29 years as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a status it received on 09 December 1995 for its cultural and architectural significance. The city was once the capital of the Lane Xang Kingdom and remains a spiritual hub for Theravada Buddhism. Since its UNESCO designation, Luang Prabang has seen increased tourism and modern development, prompting the Lao government to implement Heritage Impact Assessments and community-led preservation efforts to protect its unique character.Traditional Lamvong Dance Joins UNESCO Intangible Heritage List
via VNA, 09 December 2024: I seem to have missed this one out from last week’s annoncements - the traditional Lao Lamvong dance has been officially inscribed as a UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on 05 December 2024. Rooted in harvest celebrations where villagers danced around rice bales, Lamvong combines graceful circular movements with cultural significance. Today, it is Laos’ national dance, a staple at weddings, and a key feature of formal national events.
Myanmar
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Myanmar]
Myanmar and India Complete Restoration of 11 Earthquake-Damaged Pagodas in Bagan
via Global New Light of Myanmar, 14 December 2024: Myanmar's Union Minister for Religious Affairs and Culture, U Tin Oo Lwin, attended the handover ceremony for the completion of restoration work on 11 earthquake-damaged pagodas in Bagan. This project, part of the India-Myanmar Friendship initiative, is led by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) under a 2018 MoU to conserve 72 pagodas and temples. Phase 1 began in 2020, completing 22 works across 11 sites. Additionally, the minister chaired discussions on the comprehensive master plan for the Shwezigon Pagoda, urging stakeholders to expedite its drafting. The milestone underscores ongoing bilateral cooperation and efforts to preserve Myanmar’s cultural heritage.Myanmar Eyes UNESCO Recognition for Traditional Thanaka
via Eleven Myanmar, 12 December 2024: Myanmar is resubmitting its traditional thanaka for inclusion in UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List, after a 2020 submission was delayed due to format issues rather than content. Officials are optimistic about the revised submission, which aligns with UNESCO’s updated guidelines. The Chaik longyi, already recognized as a national intangible heritage, could also be submitted if supported by local communities. Myanmar’s Thingyan festival was recently designated as an Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the country’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites include the Pyu city-states and Bagan region.Thingyan Festival Recognized as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
via Global New Light of Myanmar, 10 December 2024: Myanmar’s Traditional New Year Water Festival, Thingyan, has been inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity during the 19th UNESCO conference in Paraguay. This marks Myanmar’s first inclusion in the global intangible cultural heritage list, showcasing the festival’s deep cultural roots, spirit of generosity, and community inclusiveness. The Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture spearheaded the effort with support from civil society, experts, and locals. The recognition has sparked national pride, with celebrations welcoming the delegation back to Yangon. Thingyan’s listing highlights its significance in Myanmar’s history, culture, and identity while promoting the importance of preserving intangible heritage.
See also: Global New Light of Myanmar, Global New Light of Myanmar
Philippines
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of the Philippines]
Exclusive for my readers: Use code MOVEINFLUENCER to get PHP600 off hotel bookings on AirAsia MOVE
Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.Explore Davao’s Heritage at the National Museum’s Latest Gem
via Mindanao Times, 12 December 2024: The National Museum of the Philippines has inaugurated its 17th regional museum in Davao City, housed in a striking six-story durian-inspired structure designed by Clyde Eric Verga. Situated within People’s Park, the museum showcases Davao’s rich cultural heritage, biodiversity, and artistry. Spanning four floors of exhibits, highlights include Mindanao textiles, indigenous and Moro rituals, local art masterpieces like Kublai Millan’s collaborative “Ahungan ng Pagkakaisa,” and the biodiversity of Davao’s landscapes and marine life. The fifth floor is home to Davao City’s Museo Dabawenyo. This vibrant museum promises an immersive journey into Davao’s history, culture, and natural wonders.Baliwag Church Celebrates the Return of Restored San Agustin Image
via Daily Tribune, 09 December 2024: The National Historical Commission of the Philippines has restored a wooden image of Saint Augustine of Hippo, dating to the late 18th or early 19th century, and turned it over to Baliwag Church in Bulacan on 28 November. Long misidentified and stored inconspicuously, the image was rediscovered and restored by the NHCP’s Materials Research Conservation Division. Featuring intricate lacework indicative of Baliwag’s historic textile industry, the five-foot statue is now correctly identified as San Agustin. The ceremony included a mass, a lecture on church heritage, and a cultural performance, celebrating the statue’s return to its community.Spanish Colonial Forts in Samar Get Conservation Boost
via Philippine News Agency, 09 December 2024: Samar province has launched "Safeguarding the Sentinels of the Samar Seas," a conservation project for its Spanish-era defense structures. Backed by a $245,000 grant from the US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation, the initiative aims to protect 22 documented fortifications, including sentinels, naval garrisons, and watchtowers. The project, developed with the University of Santo Tomas’ cultural conservation team, builds on extensive cultural mapping conducted since 2017. Initial efforts prioritize fortifications in Sta. Rita and Gandara towns. Local officials emphasize education, historical research, and tourism integration as key components of preserving these heritage sites.
Thailand
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Thailand]
Exclusive for my readers: Use code MOVEINFLUENCER to get THB400 off hotel bookings on AirAsia MOVE
Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.[Paper] The Prakhon Chai Hoard Debunked: Unravelling Six Decades of Myth, Misdirection, and Misidentification
via International Journal of Cultural Property, December 2024: This study by Tanongsak Hanwong et al. debunks decades of myth surrounding the “Prakhon Chai Hoard,” a cache of Buddhist bronzes looted in the 1960s from Plai Bat II temple in Buriram, Thailand, and misattributed to Prakhon Chai district. The authors trace the role of art dealer Douglas Latchford in smuggling and obscuring the artifacts’ origins, supported by oral histories from local villagers and recently revealed legal and archival evidence. The article highlights how misinformation perpetuated a global market for looted Southeast Asian artifacts and calls for accountability through repatriation efforts. The findings underscore the devastating impact of looting on local communities and cultural heritage.Phayao Welcomes Home 700-Year-Old Bronze Buddha Statue
via Bangkok Post, 06 December 2024: The 700-year-old bronze Buddha statue "Phra Chao Tong," blending Lanna and Sukhothai art styles, has been returned to Thailand 36 years after its theft from Wat Sri Ping Muang in Phayao province. Recovered in October 2024 from a European auction house, the statue was authenticated through historical records and photographic evidence. The Culture Ministry hosted a handover ceremony in Bangkok, highlighting the statue's significance as a cultural and spiritual symbol for Phayao. While it currently resides in the Bangkok National Museum, plans for its return to Phayao are underway.
See also: KhaosodUNESCO to Review Heritage Impact of Thailand's Ayutthaya Rail Station
via Bangkok Post, 04 December 2024: UNESCO experts will visit Ayutthaya in January to assess the Heritage Impact Assessment of the Sino-Thai high-speed rail project. The station, located 1.5 km from the Ayutthaya Historical Park, has raised concerns about potential risks to the UNESCO World Heritage site. While UNESCO can offer technical guidance, it lacks authority to halt the construction. Contracts for the Ayutthaya section, spanning 13.3 km, will soon be signed, and construction will proceed under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. This initiative forms part of a broader 700-km rail network to boost connectivity and economic growth in Thailand.
See also: Travel and Tour World, The Nation
Vietnam
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of Vietnam]
UNESCO Approves Restoration Plan for Hanoi’s Kinh Thien Palace
via Thanh Nien, 11 December 2024: UNESCO has approved Vietnam’s dossier to preserve and promote the Thang Long Imperial Citadel, paving the way for the restoration of Kinh Thien Palace. The decision involves clearing the heritage site's central axis and resolving the longstanding issue of the Operations Department building, currently obstructing restoration plans. The project, backed by a budget of 1,800 billion VND from Hanoi, seeks to revive the palace’s historical and architectural significance based on extensive archaeological findings. Experts emphasize a cautious approach, noting the need for further research and the importance of preserving both tangible and intangible heritage.Huế’s Palace Festival and Vermicelli Craft Earn National Heritage Status
via Vietnam.VN, 10 December 2024: The Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism has designated the Huế Nam Palace Festival and the traditional craft of making Vân Cù vermicelli as national intangible cultural heritages. The Huế Nam Palace Festival, held at Hòn Chén Temple, honors the Thiên Y A Na Mother Goddess and features vibrant costumes, traditional dances, and folk performances. Celebrated biannually, it draws thousands of attendees and preserves Mother Goddess Worship traditions. The 400-year-old craft of making vermicelli in Vân Cù Village supports local livelihoods and is integral to the iconic Huế beef noodle dish.
See also: Viet Nam NewsHue Explores Sustainable Growth Through Culture and Technology
via Culture Newspaper, 07 December 2024: Hue is advancing its heritage economy with a focus on green and digital development, as emphasized during a forum co-hosted by the Hue Monuments Conservation Center and the Korean Institute of Architecture and Urban Studies. Experts outlined strategies to transform Hue’s cultural heritage into economic opportunities through digital technology, including 3D scanning, VR, AR, and interactive displays. The amended Law on Cultural Heritage, effective mid-2025, will further enable sustainable heritage management. Initiatives such as green tourism and integrated museum spaces aim to promote cultural preservation while boosting the local economy.Historical Treasures of Hue Exhibited in Ho Chi Minh City
via Pioneers' Newspaper, 01 December 2024: The Ho Chi Minh City Museum is hosting the thematic exhibition “Phu Xuan – Gia Dinh, Historical Marks” from 29 November 2024 to 23 February 2025, showcasing over 300 artifacts and documents celebrating the rich cultural heritage of the Phu Xuan-Hue region. The exhibition includes rare seals, royal decrees from the Nguyen Dynasty, and handicrafts from Hue’s traditional craft villages. This collaboration between the Thua Thien-Hue History Museum and the Ho Chi Minh City Museum highlights Hue's history as a cultural and artistic hub. It aims to promote cultural exchange and tourism while educating visitors about the city’s legacy.Vietnam’s Cultural Property Import Request Under Review
via US State Department, 04 December 2024: The Cultural Property Advisory Committee will meet on 04–06 February 2025 to discuss Vietnam’s request for import restrictions on cultural property and the renewal of agreements with Chile, Italy, and Morocco. Public comments are invited regarding these agenda items, with written submissions due by 11:59 PM EST on 27 January 2025. A virtual open session will be held on 04 February at 1:00 PM EST via Zoom, where registered participants may speak. Observers can attend without registration. This meeting aligns with the U.S. State Department’s implementation of the CPIA, evaluating archaeological and ethnological materials for cultural property agreements.Vietnam’s Chu Dau Ceramics Conquer Markets and Hearts Worldwide
via Hai Duong, 25 November 2024: Chu Dau pottery, a prominent Vietnamese ceramic tradition from the 12th to 17th centuries, has been successfully revived after centuries of obscurity. The Chu Dau Ceramics Joint Stock Company, established in 2001, has restored thousands of ceramic models, blending traditional techniques with modern innovation. Known for their distinctive glaze and patterns reflecting Red River Delta civilization, Chu Dau ceramics are now a recognized national brand and exported to over 20 countries. The company has also focused on cultural preservation, welcoming thousands of visitors annually to experience this heritage.
Peripheral Southeast Asia
[Back to Contents] [Archaeology of ‘Peripheral’ Southeast Asia]
Southeast Asia Museums Unite for Maritime Heritage Digital Exhibition
via Borneo Bulletin, 13 December 2024: The SEA-Collections Project Digital Exhibition, launched in a hybrid event, unites museums across Southeast Asia to celebrate shared maritime heritage. Supported by the ASEAN-Australia Centre, Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and UNESCO, the initiative emphasizes regional cooperation in preserving cultural treasures. Participating nations include Thailand, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Brunei, and Australia. The project enhances the collective understanding of maritime history and strengthens the region’s capacity to manage heritage collections, with Brunei Darussalam actively contributing to the exhibition and global heritage dialogue.India’s 4,500-Year Maritime History Honored with Heritage Complex
via ANI, 11 December 2024: The National Maritime Heritage Complex at Lothal, Gujarat, aims to honor India's 4,500-year-old maritime history, showcasing ancient trade routes, technological advancements, and cultural exchanges. Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal emphasized the project’s alignment with India’s vision for maritime growth and heritage reclamation. Approved by the Union Cabinet in October, the NMHC will be developed in phases, with funding from voluntary contributions. Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar highlighted the complex’s role in celebrating India’s maritime legacy, including influences from ancient Southern dynasties like the Cholas. The initiative underscores the government’s efforts to elevate India’s blue economy and global maritime presence.Kandy’s Royal Palace Reopens After $265K US-Funded Restoration
via Newswire, 11 December 2024: The Old Royal Palace and Archaeology Museum in Kandy’s Temple of the Tooth Relic complex reopened following a $265,000 restoration funded by the US Ambassadors Fund for Cultural Preservation (AFCP). The two-phase project began in 2021, focusing on conserving the palace infrastructure, enhancing accessibility for visitors with disabilities, and upgrading museum displays to enrich the visitor experience. The reopening ceremony, attended by US Ambassador Julie Chung and Sri Lanka’s Minister of Culture, Prof. Sunil Senevi, emphasized the project’s importance in preserving Sri Lanka’s cultural heritage while promoting sustainable tourism and education. Over two decades, the AFCP has supported 17 cultural preservation projects across Sri Lanka, including the Rajagala Buddhist forest monastery and the Batticaloa Dutch Fort.[Paper] Mishaps in the Land van Eendracht: Exploring the Cause of Zuytdorp’s Wrecking
via Journal of Maritime Archaeology, 06 December 20024: The Zuytdorp, a Dutch East India Company (VOC) vessel wrecked on Australia's western coast in 1712, has long been shrouded in mystery. This study critically evaluates theories about the wreck, concluding that Zuytdorp was likely driven ashore by a storm rather than navigational errors. Researchers analyzed 18th-century cartographic and navigational resources, coastal visibility, and historical weather conditions, finding evidence that Zuytdorp’s officers were well-equipped to avoid the shoreline. The study’s findings open new avenues for research, including the potential discovery of missing anchors offshore, which could provide further insights into the ship's final voyage.
See also: Phys.org[Paper] Reconstructing the population history of the Nicobarese
via European Journal of Human Genetics, 06 December 2024: A genomic study has confirmed that the Nicobarese tribe of the Nicobar Islands shares genetic ties with Austroasiatic language-speaking communities in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand-Laos’s Nan province. The research traces the tribe’s migration to the islands 4,500–5,000 years ago, highlighting their unique evolution and isolation, which has preserved their genetic distinctness. The findings, published in the European Journal of Human Genetics, emphasize the need for protecting this community from external influences and potential pathogen exposure. The study provides critical insights into the tribe's Austroasiatic origins, agriculture-driven migration, and enduring cultural heritage.
See also: The Indian Express, ANI News[Paper] Coasting into India? - Assessing lithostratigraphic context of Middle Palaeolithic occupation in Saurashtra Peninsula
via Quaternary Environments and Humans, 25 October 2024: New research in the Saurashtra Peninsula, Gujarat, has uncovered Middle Palaeolithic artifacts dating back 48,000–56,000 years, challenging the coastal migration model for early human dispersal. Instead of coastal routes, the study suggests inland pathways were critical, as evidenced by the absence of Late Palaeolithic coastal tools and the region's inland environmental features during the Middle Palaeolithic. The findings contribute to debates on human migration, emphasizing inland dispersals over marine-based routes. Experts caution that further precise dating and investigation are needed to substantiate these findings.
See also: The Hindu